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Melatonine bij autonome neuropathie in DM
| Melatonine bij autonome neuropathie in DM |
Bij patienten met klachten van neuropathie en autonome neuropathie door suikerziekte blijkt uit onderzoek dat de afscheiding van melatonine sterk gestoord is. Patienten met autonome neuropathie klagen ook vaak over slaapgebrek.
Gedurende de nacht behoort je melatonine gehalte omhoog te gaan. Bij diabetes patienten bleek dit niet het geval.[1] De onderzoekers meenden: The present study shows that diabetic patients with evidence of autonomic neuropathy lack the normal circadian changes of plasma melatonin concentration. This provides confirmation for the control of pineal function via the sympathetic nervous system in man. The impaired melatonin profiles observed in diabetic patients without apparent autonomic neuropathy suggest that a subclinical state of sympathetic denervation may exist in this group of diabetics. Ook in diermodellen voor diabetes blijkt melatonine vermindert geproduceerd te worden.[2] Melatonine lijkt ook de kans op neuropathie als bijwerking van de chemukuur te verminderen.[3][4] Voorts stimuleert melatonine de zenuwopbouw in beschadigde zenuwvezels.[5] Melatonine beschermt zenuwen tegen schade door schadelijke stoffen.[5][7] Verder remt melatonine in een neuropathisch pijn model bij proefdieren de pijn.[8] En oncologen vertelden op een symposium in 2007 het volgende: Melatonin appears promising as a neuroprotective agent in patients receiving taxane-based chemotherapy. No patient developed grade 3 or 4 neuropathy compared to historical controls of 22-33%. Fifty percent of patients treated with melatonin while on taxane CT developed no neuropathy, and those who did, had grade 1 or 2 neuropathy.QOL was maintained. Melatonin's neuroprotective effect should be further evaluated.[9] Melatonine tegen pijnIn een recent overzicht uit 2009 wordt veel aandacht besteedt aan melatonine als een stof die de pijn kan moduleren.[10] We citeren uit die publicatie een paar relevante passages: ...evidence has been accumulated showing that melatonin influences the function of a variety of tissues not related to the endocrine system and that it can play an important role in pain regulation. It has been suggested that melatonin exerts its actions via: (i) a membrane-signaling pathway, (ii) a nuclear signaling pathway and (iii) a receptor-independent radical scavenging function. The potential relevance of melatonin to pain is emphasized by its widespread presence in the central nervous system (CNS). ..melatonin's antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effects are mainly mediated through specific membrane associated-receptors negatively coupled to adenylyl cyclase. MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors have been identified in nervous system structures involved in nociceptive transmission. Autoradiography studies indicate that melatonin receptors are expressed in the thalamus, hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, spinal trigeminal tract, and trigeminal nucleus. The anatomical distribution of melatonin receptors in sensory neurons and the spinal cord supports a role of this hormone in nociceptive transmission. Indeed, behavioral and electrophysiological studies have shown that melatonin has complex effects that are predominantly inhibitory on spinal nociception. In verschillende preklinische modellen blijkt melatonine duidelijke pijnstillende werking te hebben op neuropathische pijnen: Antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects of melatonin on neuropathic pain states in rats and mice
En er zijn klinische studies die dit ondrsteunen. [11][12] Hieronder een diagram hoe men zich voorstelt dat melatonine als pijnbestrijder werkt: ![]() Auteur: Prof.dr. Jan M. Keppel Hesselink, MD, PhD, augustus 2009
Referenties[1]: O'Brien IA, Lewin IG, O'Hare JP, Arendt J, Corrall RJ. | Abnormal circadian rhythm of melatonin in diabetic autonomic neuropathy. | Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). | 1986 Apr;24(4):359-64. [2]: Frese T, Bach AG, Mühlbauer E, Pönicke K, Brömme HJ, Welp A, Peschke E. | Pineal melatonin synthesis is decreased in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. | Life Sci. | 2009 Sep 23;85(13-14):526-33. Epub 2009 Aug 18. [3]: Lissoni P, Tancini G, Barni S, Paolorossi F, Ardizzoia A, Conti A, Maestroni G. | Treatment of cancer chemotherapy-induced toxicity with the pineal hormone melatonin. | Support Care Cancer. | 1997 Mar;5(2):126-9. [4]: Lissoni P, Paolorossi F, Ardizzoia A, Barni S, Chilelli M, Mancuso M, Tancini G, Conti A, Maestroni GJ. | A randomized study of chemotherapy with cisplatin plus etoposide versus chemoendocrine therapy with cisplatin, etoposide and the pineal hormone melatonin as a first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients in a poor clinical state. | J Pineal Res. | 1997 Aug;23(1):15-9. [5]: Ayaz M, Okudan N. | Effects of melatonin supplementation on exercise-induced changes in conduction velocity distributions. | Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. | 2009 Apr;31(3):151-6. [6]: Ayaz M, Okudan N. | Effects of melatonin supplementation on exercise-induced changes in conduction velocity distributions. | Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. | 2009 Apr;31(3):151-6. [7]: Feng Z, Zhang JT. | Long-term melatonin or 17beta-estradiol supplementation alleviates oxidative stress in ovariectomized adult rats. | Free Radic Biol Med. | 2005 Jul 15;39(2):195-204. Epub 2005 Mar 25. [8]: Ulugol A, Dokmeci D, Guray G, Sapolyo N, Ozyigit F, Tamer M. | Antihyperalgesic, but not antiallodynic, effect of melatonin in nerve-injured neuropathic mice: Possible involvements of the L-arginine-NO pathway and opioid system. | Life Sci. | 2006 Feb 28;78(14):1592-7. Epub 2005 Aug 16. [9]: S. Sweany, J. Lafollette, J. Pruemer, M. Swango, M. Clark, A. Wainino and Z. Nahleh | Effect of melatonin on taxane-induced neuropathy in breast cancer patients | Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2007 ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings | Part I. Vol 25, No. 18S (June 20 Supplement), 2007: 19640 [10]: Ambriz-Tututi M, Rocha-González HI, Cruz SL, Granados-Soto V. | Melatonin: a hormone that modulates pain. | Life Sci. | 2009 Apr 10;84(15-16):489-98. Epub 2009 Feb 15. [11]: Ismail SA, Mowafi HA. | Melatonin provides anxiolysis, enhances analgesia, decreases intraocular pressure, and promotes better operating conditions during cataract surgery under topical anesthesia. | Anesth Analg. | 2009 Apr;108(4):1146-51. [12]: Caumo W, Levandovski R, Hidalgo MP. | Preoperative anxiolytic effect of melatonin and clonidine on postoperative pain and morphine consumption in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. | J Pain. | 2009 Jan;10(1):100-8. Epub 2008 Nov 17. |
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Bij patienten met klachten van neuropathie en autonome neuropathie door suikerziekte blijkt uit onderzoek dat de afscheiding van melatonine sterk gestoord is. Patienten met autonome neuropathie klagen ook vaak over slaapgebrek.
